Quartz Glass Material Selection
Choose a material by wavelength, purity, hydroxyl content, thermal function and certification requirement. Grade names alone are not a complete specification, so each material page explains what should be placed on the drawing or RFQ.
Certified optical fused silica grades for UV, visible and IR systems.
Synthetic silica selected for low contamination and controlled optical behavior.
A practical Chinese material classification organized by working wavelength.
Opaque or translucent quartz engineered for radiant-heat management.
| Selection need | Start with | Confirm before ordering |
|---|---|---|
| Deep-UV or tightly controlled optical performance | HPFS® 7980 or a qualified JGS1 / synthetic grade | Wavelength, transmission at thickness, homogeneity and surface specification |
| IR transmission with low hydroxyl content | HPFS® 7979 IR or a qualified low-OH fused silica grade | OH limit, absorption bands, path length and certificate |
| General UV-visible optical parts | JGS1 or JGS2, selected by cutoff and budget | Actual spectral curve, bubble/inclusion grade and optical finish |
| Radiant heat reflection or shielding | Milky / opaque quartz glass | Reflectivity or opacity target, service temperature and thermal geometry |
| Low-contamination process hardware | High-purity synthetic fused silica | Trace metals, OH, cleaning, packaging and lot documentation |
Final material selection is made against the complete application and drawing. Published values are reference data, not a substitute for a lot certificate or an agreed purchase specification.
| Material route | Grade | Applicable band | OH content | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synthetic hydrolysis-fused silica | JGS1 | 185–2500 nm | ≈1000 ppm | Deep-UV optics and lithography |
| Flame-fused natural quartz | JGS2 | 220–2500 nm | 120–260 ppm | UV-visible windows and instruments |
| Vacuum-fused quartz | Grade-specific | UV–near IR; confirm grade | <3 ppm | Semiconductor and lamp components |
| Vacuum-fused low-OH quartz | JGS3 | 260–3500 nm grade classification | ≤10 ppm | IR observation and low-OH components |
| Electric-fused continuously drawn quartz | Grade-specific | UV cut-off depends on grade | 5–150 ppm; heat-treatment dependent | Lamps, heaters and optical-fiber support parts |
OH content is grade- and batch-dependent; the lot certificate governs acceptance. UV-end transmission is influenced by metallic impurities. The absorption peak near 2730 nm is governed by OH, which is why JGS1 deep-UV material and JGS3 low-OH IR material behave differently.
| Property | Transparent quartz glass | Opaque quartz glass |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 2.2 × 10³ kg/m³ | 1.92–1.95 × 10³ kg/m³ |
| Hardness | 570–585 KHN100 | — |
| Tensile strength | 4.8–5.0 × 10⁷ Pa | — |
| Compressive strength | >1.1 × 10⁹ Pa | >1.0 × 10⁹ Pa |
| Linear expansion coefficient | 5.5 × 10⁻⁷ /°C | 5.4 × 10⁻⁷ /°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 1.4 W/(m·°C) | — |
| Specific heat | 660–680 J/(kg·°C) | 640–650 J/(kg·°C) |
| Softening point | 1630–1700 °C | 1580–1600 °C |
| Annealing point | 1180–1220 °C | 1050–1100 °C |
| General continuous service guideline | ≤1100 °C | ≤1000 °C |
Typical properties are reference data, not allowable assembly stresses. Transparent material short-term excursions may reach 1200 °C; sustained use follows the lower continuous-service guideline. Annealing and softening temperatures are material properties, not service ratings.
| Grade | 200 nm | 220 nm | 240 nm | 260 nm | 280 nm | 300 nm | 400 nm | 600 nm | 1000 nm | 2000 nm | 2700 nm | 3000 nm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JGS2 · flame-fused | 45 | 70 | 75 | 86 | 90 | 91 | 92.5 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 30 | 85 |
| JGS3 · low-OH vacuum-fused | 40 | 65 | 70 | 85 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 90 | 91 |
| JGS1 · synthetic | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 0 | 80 |
All entries are transmission %. These are typical 3 mm specimen data, not guaranteed minima or values for all thicknesses. The 2700 nm tabulated point is near the 2730 nm OH band: JGS1 is approximately 0%, while low-OH JGS3 is approximately 90%. Specify wavelength, path length, surface finish and minimum transmission for the delivered part.
